Respiratory infections: what they are and what to do

Breathing problems can start as something small — a sore throat or a runny nose — and turn into a full-blown infection fast. Think colds, flu, bronchitis, pneumonia, RSV, and COVID-19. Some are viral, some bacterial, and knowing the difference helps you act faster and avoid unnecessary antibiotics.

How to spot common respiratory infections

Symptoms overlap, but timing and severity give clues. Colds usually begin with a scratchy throat, sneezing, and clear nasal discharge, peaking in 2–3 days. Flu hits harder: sudden fever, muscle aches, and intense fatigue. Bronchitis shows up with a cough that can last weeks and often follows a cold. Pneumonia usually includes fever, rapid breathing, chest pain when you breathe, and feeling much worse than with a simple cold. If a baby, older adult, or someone with a weak immune system develops high fever, fast breathing, confusion, or blue lips, get help right away.

Simple, practical steps to treat and prevent

Start with basics at home: rest, fluids, warm soups, and fever reducers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen as directed. Cough medicines may help pollen or smoke-related coughs but won’t cure infections. Antibiotics only help bacterial infections — they don’t work on viruses. For flu, antiviral pills (like oseltamivir) can reduce symptoms if taken early; talk to your provider quickly.

Prevention is the best move. Get your seasonal flu shot and COVID-19 vaccine boosters when recommended. Wash hands often for 20 seconds, avoid touching your face, use a mask in crowded or poorly ventilated spaces during outbreaks, and open windows to keep fresh air flowing. Teach kids good cough etiquette (elbow coughs and tissue disposal).

If you buy medicines online, use a licensed pharmacy, check for a real address and pharmacist contact, and avoid sites offering prescription drugs without a prescription. If symptoms worsen after a few days, or you have trouble breathing, chest pain, persistent high fever, or severe weakness, call your doctor or go to urgent care.

Special groups need extra care: infants, people over 65, pregnant women, and those with chronic lung disease, heart disease, or weakened immune systems. They can progress from a simple infection to serious illness faster and may need earlier treatment or hospital care.

Quick checklist you can use now: monitor fever and breathing, keep hydrated, rest, isolate while contagious, and contact a healthcare provider for severe symptoms or if you’re in a high-risk group. Small actions—vaccination, handwashing, and staying home when sick—cut transmission more than you might think.

Want help finding reliable meds or support? Use licensed online pharmacies, confirm credentials, and always consult a clinician before starting antibiotics or antivirals. Smart choices keep you healthier and reduce the spread in your household and community.